Water treatment is essential for ensuring the safety and quality of water for various uses, including drinking, industrial processes, and environmental protection. A wide range of chemicals is employed in different stages of water treatment to remove contaminants, adjust pH levels, and disinfect water. Common Water Treatment Chemicals Sodium Hydroxide: Adjusts pH by neutralizing acidic water, controls odor in wastewater treatment. Sulfuric Acid: Kills bacteria and adjusts pH levels; widely used in water treatment. Chlorine Dioxide: A potent disinfectant effective at low concentrations with minimal harmful by-products. Calcium Hypochlorite: Granular or tablet disinfectant that eliminates pathogens in water. Aluminum Sulfate: Acts as a coagulant, clumping impurities for easy removal during purification. Polyaluminum Chloride (PAC): High coagulation efficiency for both potable and wastewater treatment. Sodium Bicarbonate: Adjusts pH and softens water by reducing acidity. Citric Acid: Removes limescale from equipment as a chelating agent. Hydrochloric Acid: Lowers pH and removes scale in pipes and tanks. Soda Ash (Sodium Carbonate): Adjusts pH levels in water treatment processes. Calcium Hydroxide: Raises raw water pH for effective coagulation. Potassium Chloride: Used in water softening to replace hard mineral ions with potassium. Specialized Applications Boiler Water Treatment: Employs oxygen scavengers and corrosion inhibitors to prevent damage and enhance efficiency. Cooling Water Treatment: Uses biocides, scale inhibitors, and corrosion inhibitors to protect systems from biological growth and scaling.